Into the Woods

Into the Woods, by Stephen Sondheim, blends various familiar fairy tales into an original story of a childless Baker and his Wife, who catalyze the action of the story by attempting to reverse a curse on their family in order to have a child. In the first act, the characters set out to achieve their goal of living "Happily Ever After" through familiar routes and at the end of Act I, all characters seem poised to live "Happily Ever After". Act Two, however, deals with the consequences that traditional fairy tales conveniently ignore. As they face a genuine threat to their community, they realize that all actions have consequences, and their lives are inescapably interdependent, but also that that interdependence is their greatest strength. Act one begins with an introduction of the main characters, many of whom need little or no introduction. Henry Austin Bragg and Emily Gatesman are comically wonderful as the Baker and the Baker's Wife, which are the two central characters, and Wendy Fox plays the Wicked Witch, who splendidly portrays the motherly side of a witch. Erin Sauter plays Cinderella, who is terribly confused about what she wants, Kevin Quillon plays Jack, whose greed starts to take over what little common sense he has and Tina Ghandchilar plays Little Red Riding Hood, whose hunger for food turns into a hunger for blood. The play is based on the different obstacles the characters face in achieving their wish and how they work through them to reach a happy ending. The main conflict is between the Baker and his Wife who desperately want to have a child and the Wicked Witch who sends them on a journey into the woods to break the spell she has placed upon their family. The Baker and his wife need four things to break the spell, and each have a connection to one of the other main characters. While they are trying to obtain their items from the other characters, the Baker and the Baker's Wife have conflict amongst them...

Economic Benefit Of Holiday Business In Perlis Tourism Essay Essays

Economic Benefit Of Holiday Business In Perlis Tourism Essay Essays Economic Benefit Of Holiday Business In Perlis Tourism Essay Essay Economic Benefit Of Holiday Business In Perlis Tourism Essay Essay Tourism is an activity done by an person or a group of persons, which leads to a gesture from a topographic point to another. From a state to another for executing a specific undertaking or it is a visit to a topographic point or several topographic points in the intent of entertaining which leads to an consciousness of other civilisations and civilizations, besides increasing the cognition of states, civilizations, and history. Tourism has a direct impact on the national gross for all touristic states, it creates work chances, industries, and several investings to function and raise states public presentation and civilizations, besides distributes their history, civilisation, and traditions. Presents, touristry industry become one of the most of import sector of the world-wide economic system as disbursement for international and domestic touristry is over trillion of dollar yearly. Besides, touristry industry has been considered by many to be the largest concern in the universe. Despite of planetary jobs such as terrorist act, currency fluctuations, recession and rising prices, and many other factors that can deteriorate the growing of touristry, people all over the universe in both development and developing states place a high precedence on travel. Malaya now become one of the most develops state in the universe due to our development from clip to clip. Malaysia becomes develop state since the epoch of our former Prime Minister Tun Dr. Mahathir Mohamad, Father of Development . He brought Malaysia to the universe of development and makes Malaysia a beautiful state to see. There are 14 provinces in Malaysia which every province have it ain uniqueness and it ain tradition. However, this survey will concentrate on advancing touristry in Perlis, the smallest province in Malaysia. Perlis Indera Kayangan is the smallest province in Malaysia which has a population of 210,000. The cultural composing for the twelvemonth 2000 in Perlis was: Malay ( 174,805 or 79.74 % ) , Chinese ( 21,058 or 9.6 % ) , Indian ( 2,658 or 1.21 % ) and others ( 20,690 or 9.45 % ) . Bordered by the Thai state of Satun in the North, Kedah is the E and South and lapped by the soft H2O of the Straits of Malacca on its western coastline, Perlis exudes quaint good beauty and old countrified appeal. Its land country of 795 square kilometres makes the smallest province in Malaysia. Expansive green Paddy fields, punctuated on occasion by limestone hills, and the mellow rural life style makes driving a refreshing and pleasant manner to see the offering of this finish. The province capital in Perlis is Kangar while the royal town of Arau, merely 10 kilometers off, is the debarkation point for visitants going by rail to Perlis. Perlis lies on both the route and rail paths associating Singapore and Kuala Lumpur in the South and Bangkok in the North. From January to April, the conditions is normally warm and dry with September to December being wetter month. The one-year scope of temperature is from 21AÂ °C to 32AÂ °C while the mean rainfall is between 2000ml to 2500m. The province is celebrated for its calm good beauty, countrified rural scenes and verdant Paddy Fieldss. The sweep of verdant paddy Fieldss makes the landscape appear like a immense canvas of superb green or gold, depending on the season. Perlis was originally a portion of the older land of Kedah, which was conquered by Thailand in 1821. After Restoration of the Sultan of Kedah to his throne in 1842, the Thai established Perlis as a liege province. In 1909, the Thais transferred suzerainty of Perlis to Thailand to Britain. Perlis came under Nipponese business in 1941 during Second World War. Once Nipponese withdrew from Malaya, Perlis was placed under the British Military Administration. In October 1945, the British laid out the programs for Malayan Union. Under the strategy Pulau Pinang, Malacca and nine other Malay province, were to be united under the Malayan Union. Malays resistance to the British programs to organize the Malayan Union catalysed the motion for Independence. The M alay Federation was founded on 1 Febuary 1948 and on 31 August 1957, Malaya achieved Independence. Another of import town is Padang Besar, at the Malaysian-Thailand boundary line. The chief port and ferry terminus is at the little small town of Kuala Perlis, associating largely to Langkawi Island. Perlis has a celebrated serpent farm and research Centre at Sungai Batu Pahat and Gua Kelam and Perlis State Park are tourist attractive forces. Compared to other provinces of Malaysia, Perlis has arcadian appeal, peace and simpleness. The province economic system is dominated by agribusiness, with rice, sugar, herbs and fruits ruling. Forestry particularly from Jati timberwoods and piscary is besides of import, and the province is doing great attempts to pull little and average graduated table fabrication industries and services. The economic activity of Penis is preponderantly agribusiness, which takes up 63 % of the entire land usage. Rice, gum elastic and sugar cane are extensively cultivated while fruit production, particularly mango and Citrullus vulgaris, is besides important. The fabrication and excavation sector, although accounting for merely 0.1 % of land-use, is a major part to the province caissons, giving about 25 % of GDP. Like other portion of Malaysia although Perlis has a multiracial society, there is a predomination of Malay and Thai influence here. The civilization heritage is one of the attractive forces in Perlis. One facet where this is apparent is in its colourful musical and dance public presentations. Canggung, a traditional dance, is a post-harvest traditional dance. During the Tarian Canggung, vocalizing and exchanging of words in Pantun ( poetic stanzas ) , frequently humourous, let the whole community to take part and react to the concomitant of foot-stomping music. The Tarian Terinai, another traditional dance, is normally reserved for royal ceremonials. It is performed to the concomitant of the gendang terinai ( membranophones ) normally played by five instrumentalists. Narrative Tellers called Awang Bath Tell of the glorification of water under the bridge yearss. Similar in many ways to the folk singers of old, the Awang Bath! is an expert with words and they weave magnetizing narrati ves of past heroes and great workss. The Awang Bath will crush his membranophone throughout the narrative, on occasion playing a melody on the flute as the plot line demands, maintaining the crowds enthralled to the terminal. Seni Silat, the Malay emmet of ego defense mechanism, is practiced by both persons and groups. Conventionalized versions now grace official maps and celebrations. The tourer can bask and see the full civilization heritage in Perlis. 1.2 RESEARCH OBJECTIVES Specifically, the aims of this paper are To research what are the economic benefits by advancing touristry in Perlis. This aim will supply readers with background of information about some of the ways in which both tourers and touristry endeavor create economic costs and benefits within rural communities. To place the gross part to resident income and wealth ensuing from the nowadays of travellers. Normally, this income will ensue from the traveller outgo in the country. One could gestate of increased occupant wealth in the absent of any visitant, through building of a tourer installation by a nonresident in expectancy of visitants who neer arrive, but this is an improbable exclusion that test the regulation. To analyse what are the interesting topographic points that do non detect yet in Perlis. Actually, Perlis have many interesting topographic points that people still do non cognize and acknowledge. This is because the deficiency of publicity about the topographic point such as Kota Marhum Kayang. This topographic point has its ain history and singularity which less of people know about it. To place tourist perceptual experience about Perlis The tourers perceptual experience is really of import in making research. This to place why economic benefit of touristry in Perlis are non good develop. 1.3 RESEARCH QUESTIONS The research inquiries for this survey are: Why touristry in Perlis can non be developing? What are the factors of economic benefit to pull visitant in Perlis? What are the factors that make Perlis non becomes favorite finish to the tourers? What are the restraints challenges that Perlis province authorities face in advancing Perlis? Why bulk people in Perlis like to travel outside the province to happen occupation? 1.4 SCOPE AND LIMITATION OF RESEARCH The focus country of the survey is Perlis province where the information and the information are taken at all the interesting topographic points around Perlis. The restriction of the survey is there are limited figure of survey that been done in this country. The research worker finds troubles to make research in this country because of non many resources that can be discoveries and refer. Besides, the research workers besides find that to make research in Perlis is non interesting and non disputing because there are non many issues or subject to cover. However, this restriction can non go barriers to this research because for research worker, the citizens in Perlis are non many compare to population of people in large metropolis like Pahang or Selangor. Although without any specific stuffs about this subject to mention but based on the observation and researching during making this research, it is non become a large affair. 1.5 SIGNIFICANT OF STUDY. This research is to promote tourer from local and abroad to see Perlis and do Perlis as one of their favourite finish to vacation. This is because, many people non so familiar and cognize about Perlis. In their mentality Perlis is merely a little province which there is nil interesting approximately. This is become one of the chief factor why the economic benefit in Perlis can non be develop and this job will be discuss more in this survey. Furthermore, this research can give some thoughts to the Tourism Agency of Perlis about the methods on how to pull tourer to see Perlis. By making probe about why the Numberss of tourers are less in sing Perlis, we can happen the failings on the attractive force that the Tourism Agency had done. The ways are non so effectual and that can do consequence to the economic besides. Chapter 2 2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW Based on the diaries and the articles that had been studied, the overall of the research workers are focus on the strong message that arises from these observation is that those interested in advancing regional development should non merely seek to pull as many tourer as possible into their local country. Alternatively, they should first inquire whether they ought to be advancing touristry at all. 2.1 Interaction Harmonizing to ( Natalie Stoeckl, 2008 ) , when a tourer visits a part, he/she does non merely shoot money into the economic system by doing local purchases. The tourer besides interacts with members of the local community. Likewise he/she will use- and sometimes even abuse- local resources such as nutrient, H2O and lodging. Sadly there is no warrant that the good interaction will function as equal compensation for the bad, and even when a finish community is adequately compensated for the bad, those who receive the compensation will non ever be those who bear the cost. As celebrated earlier, an inevitable result of this is conflict, and possibly unsurprisingly-much attempt is expended in seeking to happen ways of identifying, mensurating and pull offing the impacts of touristry so as to avoid, or at least mitigate, some of that struggle. From an economic position, it is interesting to observe that many of the positive impacts of touristry that are identified within the literature ar e fiscal. A more thorough treatment of these effects is contained in the 2nd subdivision of this chapter, but suffices to state here, when tourers spend money within local communities, they raise regional incomes- sometimes by more than the value of their disbursement. As might be expected, there is a significant organic structure of research that seeks to gauge the magnitude of this part in assorted scenes. Consequently, both the degree and the distribution of touristry impact ( positive and negative ) will change harmonizing to the aggregative figure of visitants, the visitant direction government and the type of visitant that are attracted to a part. Importantly, since difference parts are known to pull different types of visitants, contrivers can non merely presume that what is good ( or bad ) for one part will besides be good ( or bad ) for another. 2.2 VISITOR CENTER However, based on ( Philip L. Pearce, 2004, ) he analyzes that visitant Centre operation in the Four Plus theoretical account waiters to present and construction a sequence of actions required to heighten visitant Centre operation in a part. Four phases can be considered in the design and usage of visitant centres. There are rules of good pattern and sometimes significant bing research grounds to back up the implicit in suggestions for this good pattern. Phase 1 Planning Set out a part overview of visitant Centre maps. Match the mix of maps for a specific Centre to the regional overview Decide or adjust the specific Centre s maps Establish a signage and publicity program. Phase 2 BUILDING DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION Ensure easy entree Identify all users and their utilizations Design for the hereafter Be a theoretical account for ecological sustainability. Phase 3 INTERPRETIVE AND INTERIOR DISPLAY DESIGN Have a good physical orientation system Design for assortment Use subjects Make personal connexions to visitants Allows for different visitant demand and involvements Phase 4 MANAGEMENT AND MAINTENANCE Development service quality orientation among staff Manage to encompass alteration and freshness in Centre Develop effectual coverage to stakeholders Facilitate voluntary and community input. Phases in the design and usage of visitant Centres. ( The Function and Planning of Visitor Center in Regional Tourism ) 2.3 FACILITIES Residents single wealth may be augmented through labour earning, lifting existent belongings values, or return on capital invested in tourers installations ( J.R Brent Ritchie and Charles R. Goeldner, 1994 ) . Corporations are occupants excessively, and their wealth additions with net incomes and lifting plus values. As a practical affair, economic benefit surveies have focus on labour income and by and large ignored the other steps. This is chiefly due to the trouble of gauging additions in existent belongings values from tourers, corporate net incomes of touristry installations, and return on touristry capital investing. Furthermore this wealth increases frequently accrue to non-residents of the country as absentee owners.There is an inexplicit consensus in economic benefit surveies that wish to find the benefits accruing to occupants. These are the people necessitating employment if touristry is viewed as an economic stimulation, and they are the people who choose the country s p olitical leaders and representatives. While touristry development undertakings sometimes end up profiting absentee proprietors more than occupants, it is improbable the occupant and local authorities originally had this aim in head. Measures of the direct benefits of travel disbursement in an country usually comprise concern grosss of gross gross revenues of constitutions in the country visited, personal income ( normally limited to signifiers of compensation paid to employees, such as rewards, wages, committees, fillips, holiday allowances, tips, etc ) , employment in term of entire occupations or full-time equivalent occupations, and national, province and local revenue enhancement gross. Travel outgos by themselves tell us comparatively small about the economic benefits of touristry to an country. One ground is that concerns may utilize most of their grosss generated by visitant outgos to buy goods from outside the country, go forthing small impact in the local economic system. O nce traveler outgo estimations are produced y the appropriate outgo theoretical account, the economic impact they generate can be stimulated. This kernel of constructing a theoretical account for gauging the economic benefit of touristry in an country is to abstract the major relationships runing among travel outgos, employment, labour net incomes, net incomes and revenue enhancement gross. The diversion chance spectrum identified ons include a hotel with private baths and nutrient services compared to makeshift tent adjustment with no services. Facilities can provide wholly to the convenience and enjoyment or safety of users, or may be nonexistent supplying a true wilderness experience. 2.4 TOURISM LIFE CYCLE Conversely, ( Martin and Uysal, 1990 ) argue that each province in the life rhythm that are geographic expedition, engagement, development, consolidation and stagnancy will uncover different capacity thresholds and requires distinguishable policy responses. They suggest that in the geographic expedition phase, capacity might be about infinite on a societal degree, but there are serious restrictions originating from a deficiency of substructure. During stagnancy, nevertheless, many tourers can be accommodated, but societal jobs can bring forth resident resistance to growing. Tourism policy can be related to this dynamic interaction of capacity and life rhythm, with the purpose of accomplishing a coveted place or bettering on unacceptable conditions. Assorted be aftering actions would be introduced during each phase, get downing with ordinances and environmental protection in the geographic expedition phase. During growing and adulthood, direction of alteration is the precedence, in or der to forestall impairment or diminution. If diminution is experienced, determinations must be made on whether it is desirable to seek to rejuvenate the tourer industry, and on what means ( such as inducements ) might be used. They conclude that program can be formulated to command alterations, if the alterations can be predicted. Harmonizing to ( Anna Blackman, 2004 ) , as peripheral communities experience downswings in planetary and regional economic systems, and loss of employment chances, service and immature people, touristry is frequently pursued as the saviour of their towns. Although touristry can hold many advantages such as supplying employment, bring forthing foreign exchange, and supplying substructure, the worlds of touristry are non ever clearly understood. To be successful in touristry development attempt, there need to emerge at least one person, who, in add-on to being slightly knowing about the touristry industry, is enthusiastic, energetic, and able to actuate others. Finally, a diverse group of persons who are interested in touristry development and mirror the value of the community must be brought together to pool their thoughts, involvements, concerns and resources. 2.5 SUSTAINABLE Tourism Sustainable touristry means different things for different people, depending on their place and positions. Typically it is frequently associated with touristry development and direction forms that provide people with permanent support with minimal resources depletion and environment debasement. ( Bill Bramwell and Bernard Lane, 2005 ) argues that sustainable touristry is more than a niche country of survey, and that research workers are now get downing to acknowledge and analyze its full comprehensiveness and relevancy. It reviews the functions of academic diaries in the survey of sustainable touristry. It notes the impact and deductions for sustainable touristry research and publication of the rapid growing in touristry diaries and documents. It contents that sustainable touristry s relevancy would be better acknowledge if more research adopted broader research positions, with capable affair set in its socio-economic and ecological contexts and attacks embedded in the societal and n atural scientific discipline. Chapter 3 3.0 METHODOLOGY This chapter discussed the methodological analysis employ in this research, the economic benefit of touristry in Perlis. This chapter consists of method, trying, construction of the questionnaire and the information analysis. In this survey, the research uses a quantitative method in informations assemblage. This is because this method are easy to carry on and cheap. In fact, by utilizing this method, the research worker will acquire the respond non in the long period 3.1 POPULATION AND SAMPLE OF STUDY Survey in the signifier of questionnaire was developing to look into the economic benefits by developing touristry in Perlis. The population of this survey would be dwelling of people in Perlis. The sample selected suitably reflected to the people at Perlis in respect to ethnicity, gender and age. Besides, method like observation besides been use in the research to roll up informations information. This is because, by making observation, people will understand and cognize really good why touristry in Perlis was non developed and the same clip non generates economic benefit in the province. The most popular travel outgo appraisal method in the literature is to study a chance samples of travellers, either while going or in their places. The consequence from inquiries or outgos can so be projected to green goodss estimation of concern grosss in assorted types of concerns. Surveies of travellers can be conducted as they enter an country ( entry study ) , as they leave the country ( exit study ) , or while in the country under survey ( visitor studies ) . In add-on, en path studies can be conducted while riders are going on an aeroplane, train, coach or ship. Among these, entry studies are the least satisfactory because they can non obtain information on existent outgos in the country, merely amounts intended, or budgeted , to be spent. 3.2 Instrument Two instruments were administered in this survey which is primary and secondary informations. For the primary informations, people in Perlis were given signifiers of questionnaires. A five point Likert graduated table runing from one to five which represent one ( satisfied ) until five ( non satisfied ) . The inquiries will carry through the aims of the survey. All the signifiers will be evaluate and analyze to place which factors can utilize to accomplish the ends of this research. While the reappraisal and survey from few diaries, articles and cyberspace beginning will be use as secondary informations. This information are the information that already been usage before by other research workers. Design Perlis citizen from different gender, age and ethnicity are given a list of inquiry and are instructed to put a midst in forepart of the statement with which they agree. This signifier of inquiries will divided into two subdivision which are subdivision A and subdivision B. Section A consists of human ecology of the respondents such as gender, age, spiritual, and business. However in subdivision B, the inquiries are more relate with the research inquiries. It s more about the sentiment of the tourers and besides their suggestions on how to heighten the economic benefit in Perlis. The tourers besides can adverting about the jobs or challenges faced by them during their visiting. Procedure The process of this questionnaire can be conducted in a few yearss. Around 200 of people in Perlis will be given the signifier to reply. The research inquiry should be clear and easy to understand to do certain the respondents will give the appropriate and relevant reply. This process can act upon and convert the respondents that this research is systematic. DATA COLLECTION There are two stairss in roll uping informations that are conduct by pilot survey and existent survey. Both of these stairss is to find how the information and the information about this research being gather and behavior. PILOT STUDY The intent of pilot survey is to supply critical information on the badness of proposed processs or interventions. Pilot survey will be conducted by making observation, study from diary and on-line beginning. ACTUAL STUDY The existent survey is the clip restraints during making this research. This research will be conduct in Mei and June. There are many manner to administer the questionnaire either by self administrative, mail out or by manus. But the most appropriate manner is by manus because more easy and no cost. The signifier of inquiries will be distributed for 200 of people in Perlis. DATA ANALYSIS Factor analysis was carried to analyze the implicit in factors of market orientation. This process was besides used to cut down the concepts into some common factors could supply possible implicit in variables. Through informations collected that utilizing pilot survey and existent survey, the informations will be analyze by seting it into trial. The information collected will be cardinal into SPSS system. The information will be utilizing Regressions A ; Correlation Tests. This trial is more easy to construe. RESEARCH FRAMEWORK INDEPENDENT VARIABLE DEPENDENT VARIABLE INTERACTION DEVELOPMENT TOURISM IN VISITOR CENTER PERLIS Facility TOURISM LIFE CYCLE

Economics of Organisation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Economics of Organisation - Essay Example In this article, Ribstein (2002) argues that since principals do not directly participate in the daily decision-making process, they lose the ability to influence the practice on how decisions are made. Likewise, once the voters delegate their duties to the politicians, the politicians could opt to follow their interests rather than those of the agents. In addition, in such a relationship, the voters become the hostage of the politicians. The principal-agency problem can further be extrapolated to the health sector, where the health providers can act as imperfect agents of patients by prescribing unnecessary drugs. This paper assesses the principal-agency problems in explaining failures of corporate governance. The paper further examines how the recent regulatory framework has been used to mitigate the principal- agent problem. 2. 0 The principal-agency theory In the article, Theory of the firm: managerial behavior, agency costs and ownership structure, Jensen and Meckling, suggest m anagers as being the agents of the shareholders (Huber, 2002). The principal model guides agency relationships where the shareholders, otherwise known as the principals, delegates duties to the agents to act on their behalf. The model is defined by a number of features, which are defined in the following section. Firstly, as suggested by Bodie, Alex and Alan, agents undertake actions, which determine the payoff to the principal (2002). In other words, the effort of the agent determines the profits realized by the principal. Secondly, within a principal-agent relationship, the concept of information symmetry arises. In this regard, the principals can be able to observe the outcomes of agents’ actions but monitoring the agents’ actions is almost impossible. In instances where an imperfect contract exists, the agents could be encouraged to act to carry out actions that benefit their interests, and the possibility of a moral hazard happening becomes even more real if there is a large information asymmetry. To address the problem of information asymmetry, the principals could put in place monitoring mechanisms and initiate incentive contracts. The board of directors remains one of the common used weapons, in reduction of information symmetry by monitoring and ratifying the most important decisions carried out by the management. Beside acting on the behalf of the shareholders, the board of directors is also supposed to control resource allocation and accompanying risks. Thirdly, the agent-principal relationships assume that agent’s preferences differ from the principals. When the agents and the principals have differing risk preferences a conflict of interest occurs. Just to illustrate further, the shareholders may be risk-averse while the management is risk-neutral, which means the management is incentivized to make risky decisions against the will of their principals. If such a situation happens, the board of directors is mandated to ensure th e interest of the management, and the shareholders are aligned. To deal with the challenges that are associated with the principal-agent relationships, the principals may result to outcome-based incentives. This

The origin of islam, what is sunni and Shia what are the key Essay

The origin of islam, what is sunni and Shia what are the key differences between the two branches of islam and what kind of issues arise from the differences - Essay Example This paper presents an in-depth and critical analysis of the history of Islam and the major differences between the Shia and Sunni sects (Esposito 97). It does this by focusing on the origin and meaning of the religion and goes ahead to look at the differences between the beliefs hold by the Shia and Sunni and how they have impacted on their relationships. Islam is a religion that was coined from an Arabic word ‘salema’ which can be interpreted to mean ‘submission, peace or obedience.’ As a monotheistic religion, all Muslims (believers of Islamic faith) are required to submit to the Allah and worship Him as the only God. Meaning, they should submit to His will and always accept to obey His laws because it is the best thing to do by a believer as it can provide peace and fulfillment. Just like any other religion, Islam has a set of doctrines that are contained in a Quran-its main holy book. These were passed through Prophet Mohamed (PBUH). In terms of teachings, Islam has its unique set of doctrines that all its believers are expected to practice. These fundamental teachings can be summarized into five main pillars: shahadah; sawm; salat; zakat; and hajj. Each of these stipulates requirements that each and every Muslim needs to fulfill as part of their spiritual pursuit. For instance, according to shahadah, each and every believer should not believe in the existence of any other god rather than Allah and His prophet Mohamed (PBUH). On the other hand salat requires believers to say prayers to Allah five times per day. Meanwhile, zakat advocates for the contribution of alms by each and every believer so as to help the poor people who can not afford daily bread. Nonetheless, sawm requires every Muslim believer to perform the ritualistic annual fasting during the holy month of Ramadan (Esposito 91). Last, but not least, hajj, all able Muslim believers need to pay pilgrimage to Mecca at least once in their life time becaus e it is the holy city of

The outward journey experienced by Buddha Essay Example for Free

The outward journey experienced by Buddha Essay Outline the inward journey and the outward journey experienced by Buddha, Nicky Cruz and Lord Fenner Brockway. Explain what spirituality means to you after studying the 3 case studies. To me, spirituality is being in harmony with yourself and others around you. Its having the feeling that there are other people to care for and that we (as individuals) are small creatures in a big world. I ask myself Is that it? What is there more to life? In this essay I am going cover the various issues that appear in the paths of the Buddha, Nicky Cruz and Lord Fenner Brockway when they experienced their inward and outward journeys. Prince Sidhartha Gautama was kept away from the outside world by his father so he never saw any of the bad things that happen in life. The one time that he ventured out of the grounds he saw death, old age and illness he was confused and puzzled. Having been brought up in the lap of luxury he had never experienced these things before. He asked himself, Why are there these things? What causes this? To help answer his questions he tried many different things. He first tried the Ascetic lifestyle, which was a very simple life, but after seven years of no luck he tried another method. He sat under a tree to meditate. Suddenly it came to him; it was that everything in life changes even if we dont want it to. You have to accept these things and in result of doing so you will be happy. Sidharta discovered that life is a spiral, at the top is people, those who are good will become a Buddha. Nicky Cruz was born into an unhappy family; he was on of 18 children and was sent to New York to live with his Brother. In New York Nicky joined the Mau Mau Gang This gang were involved in fights, robberies, gang activities, murders and they were at war with the police. In July 1958 a man called David Wilkinson who was a preacher in the street, approached Nicky and told him that God loved him. Nicky had disbelief, if no one had ever loved him before then why now. He was persuaded to go to a meeting about God and Christianity. As David finished his speech, Nicky realised that his wanted to change. He was changed immediately. He went to a bible college and then went back to the Mau Maus and talked to them about Christ. He visited his family and overall became a caring, kind and thoughtful person. He set out to help others who needed it. In the end he opened his own home with help from the public, he carried on helping people and now says I buried Nicky Cruzhe is dead. Now I am alive in Christ. Lord Fenner Brockway believed that he was part of all life, that he had become one with all life and that he was in everything. His spirit, soul, personality had reached out and it effected his and became his way of life, he changed dramatically. He was sitting watching a sunset over the Irish Sea and all of a sudden he had a feeling that overwhelmed him. It left him with a great calm; he was swept up into the beauty of it he felt he was more than an individual. His purpose in life was that peace and justice become an understanding of the citizens of the world. He then became an M.P to help and support people he worked honestly and hard. In conclusion they all did much the same thing in different ways. One thing that was similar was that they all had questions that they wanted answers to and that they all went on some kind of journey to get them. The Buddha came from a very well off background and Nicky Cruz came from a terrible upbringing and Lord Fenner Brockway was a Humanist. The Buddha found his answers in his soul, from the inside, whereas Nick Cruz turned to Christ to find the answers to his questions. They all found their answers but in different situations. In my opinion, the journeys that the three of them went on are journeys which everyone experiences at some point in their lives. You do not have to turn to Christ to get your answers you can get them in different ways. Everyone asks questions, its the way that they find their answers that is different!

The Life and Works of Ezra Jack Keats Essay example -- Literary Analys

After a four week survey of a multitude of children’s book authors and illustrators, and learning to analyze their works and the methods used to make them effective literary pieces for children, it is certainly appropriate to apply these new skills to evaluate a single author’s works. Specifically, this paper focuses on the life and works of Ezra Jack Keats, a writer and illustrator of books for children who single handedly expanded the point of view of the genre to include the experiences of multicultural children with his Caldecott Award winning book â€Å"Snowy Day.† The creation of Peter as a character is ground breaking in and of itself, but after reading the text the reader is driven to wonder why â€Å"Peter† was created. Was he a vehicle for political commentary as some might suggest or was he simply another â€Å"childhood† that had; until that time, been ignored? If so, what inspired him to move in this direction? Born in March of 1916 as Jacob (Jack) Ezra Katz, he was the third child to Benjamin and Augusta Katz. His parents were both Polish immigrants of Jewish descent and they raised him in East New York, the predominantly Jewish section of Brooklyn. As immigrants they were plagued with financial difficulties and this was further aggravated when they struggled through the Depression. Despite all of these hardships, Keats had already begun to showcase his artistic abilities. At the age of eight he was hired to paint the sign of a local store. Naturally, his father was quite proud of him when he earned twenty-five cents for his work and hoped that this might endeavor might lead to a steady career as a sign pa ¬inter. Unfortunately for him, Keats was smitten with Fine Arts and won his first award in Junior High School: a medal for ... ...undeniable. Works Cited Gerard J.Keats, Ezra Jack. Goggles! New York: Puffin Books, 1969. Keats, Ezra Jack, and Cherr, Pat. My Dog is Lost! New York: Crowell, 1960. Keats, Ezra Jack. Peter’s Chair. New York: Viking, 1967. Keats, Ezra Jack. Skates! New York: Watts, 1973 Keats, Ezra Jack. The Snowy Day. New York: Viking, 1962. Senick, Gerard J., and Hedblad, Alan. Children’s Literature Review: Excerpts from Reviews, and Commentary on Books for Children and Young People (Volumes 14, 34, 35). Detroit, Michigan: Gale Research, 1995.. Ezra Jack Keats: A Virtual Exhibit. The University of Southern Mississippi De Grummond Children's Literature Collection. Web. 19 July 2010. . Http://www.ezra-jack-keats.org/. Ezra Jack Keats Foundation. Web. 19 July 2010. .

History of Psychology Essay

I declare that this assignment is my own work and has not been submitted in any form for another unit, degree or diploma at any university or other institute of tertiary education. Information derived from the published or unpublished work of others has been acknowledged in the text and a list of references is given. I warrant that any disks and/or computer files submitted as part of this assignment have been checked for viruses and reported clean. Student signature: __________________________ Date: __________________________ Abstract This paper aims to trace and analyze the historical development of the subjective nature of truth, the sources and reactions towards the theory. The implications of the theory of subjective truth are vast since a position on the nature of truth permeates one’s personal life goals and purposes, cognition, and morality of individual and hence also affects research methodology and psychotherapy. Subjectivism focuses on individuals’ thoughts and feelings as well as the proposition that knowledge of humans can never be separated from the knower. This literature review covers the existence of truth as being subjective during the time of the early Greek philosophers, present within Hellenistic and Roman psychology and persisting within romantic and existential philosophy, humanistic psychology and the approaches of the postmodernists in the mid-1960s. Keywords: subjective truth, history, postmodernism The Subjective Nature Of Truth: A Historical Development The constant tension of whether truth is objective or subjective has long since existed throughout history and continues to pervade in current schools of psychotherapies. â€Å"Science versus Humanism† is the term Conway (1992) gives to the philosophical dimension along which the values underlying the theories of psychologists differ. A scientific approach to psychology is based on the epistemological tradition of objectivism. Mahoney (1989) summarizes objectivism as beliefs that an objective and separate ‘real world’ lies beyond the organism, independent of perception and that valid knowledge is ultimately rendered from our sensory experiences, and can be totally separated from the knower (Mahoney, 1989 as cited in Conway, 1992). In contrast, the humanistic approach to psychology is based on the epistemological tradition of subjectivism which focuses on thoughts and feelings. Furthermore, knowledge of humans can never be separated from the knower (Conway, 1992). Due to different theories on the nature of truth, methodology for observing consciousness and the role of inner experience differ. The human science approach to psychology seeks to explain behavior in terms of a person’s subjective existence (Kendler, 2005). Humanistic psychology and philosophical phenomenology are two schools of thought that employ the human science interpretation of psychology (Kendler, 2005). The implications of the theory of the relativity of truth is seen in the individuals personal life goals, purpose of life, cognitive styles, morality, ethics, counseling goals, research methodology and conceptualization of definitions. Due to the great relevance of the topic to psychology, this essay traces and analyzes the historical development of the subjective nature of truth, the sources and reactions towards the theory. Early Greek Philosophers and Hellenistic and Roman Psychology The Sophists were a group of philosophers who believed that nothing is inherently right or wrong but that believing something is right makes it right and vice versa (Hergenhahn, 2009, p. 41). Protagoras (485-420 B.C.) was the most popular Sophist who proposed that man is the measure of all things, meaning that man determines whether something is true or untrue and hence, truth depends on the perceiver not physical reality (Hergenhahn, 2009, p. 41). The context of this perspective of the nature of truth is that Protagoras lived in the Periclean democracy where skills for effective communication were valuable to own especially in the political sphere (Hergenhahn, 2009, p. 42) where some beliefs were more advantageous to utilitarian harmony than others. Hence, Protagoras was primarily interested in teaching effective argumentation to demonstrate the practicality of the relativity of truth. Socrates (470-399 B.C.) disagreed with the Sophists’ view that no truth exists beyond personal opinion. In the second century A.D., a school of thought named Skepticism promoted suspension of judgment and preferred to say ‘This is how things appear to me† rather than to claim having arrived at irrevocable truth (Hergenhahn, 2009). They were of the view that dogmatists constantly fought amongst themselves and were always agitated unlike the Skeptics who sought a life of peace and lived by two primary guides: appearances (sensations and feelings) and social convention (Hergenhahn, 2009). Displaying a similarity with the Sophists and the Skeptics, the Cynics such as Diogenes (412-323) advocated individualism and that true happiness depended on self-sufficiency and living a life that was natural, rejecting any type of control, be it bodily or social control. The theme of moving away from absolute truth and towards a relativistic conception of truth, individual feelings, opinions, social convention or whatever ‘truth’ brings gain (e.g., political status or living peaceably with others) will manifest itself again throughout history. Instrumental theory of truth: Profitability as criteria for truth William James (1842-1910) was of the view that ideas become true as long as they help people satisfactorily relate with other parts of one’s experience (De Waal, 2005, p. 43). James proposes that it is far from essential for our thoughts, beliefs or in other words, conceptions of truth, to copy reality. Hence, he opposes the singularity of truth and posits that multiple, though different beliefs are acceptable. In contrast, there can only be one truth for the empiricists and the rationalists since truth is the perfect copy of reality (De Waal, 2005, p. 47). Based on pragmatic principles, James proposes that any hypothesis cannot be rejected if there are useful results that come from it. Pragmatism is hence a principle that views any ‘truth’ as true as long as it profits. In other words, the pragmatist’s notion of truth is that beliefs originating from within one’s self but does not copy anything without the believer will still count as true when these lead people to directions that are worthwhile (De Waal, 2005, p. 50). The theme of moving away from a singular truth independent of the knower and towards whichever concept, idea or belief brings profit is a pattern seen even during the Early Greek Philosophers and Hellenistic and Roman Psychology. A profit-focused approach to handling truth, as proposed by the pragmatists, will strongly permeate and an underlying principle in future philosophies and approaches to psychology such as romanticism, existentialism, humanistic and postmodern psychology. Romantic and existential philosophy: Feelings, human choice and freedom In the late 18th century, an artistic and intellectual movement named Romanticism rebelled against Enlightenment rationality that overemphasized linear and the investigation of causes by trying to add feelings and intuition to rationality (Schneider, 1998). Romanticism emphasized the wholeness of experience via implicit processes such as affect, intuition, kinesthesia, imagination as well as the descriptions of these processes (Schneider, 1998). Rousseau was of the view that facts of history were of less importance than what values can be learned from them and that history should be considered as a collection of fables (Rousseau, 1762 as cited in Robinson, 2008). This type of thinking is seen again in Postmodernist thinking later on in history although to Rousseau, historical facts were not subjective but unknowable because of human error and interpretation. In psychology, romanticism is manifested in orientations of existential-humanistic, hermeneutical, narrative, and transpersonal psychologies (Schneider, 1998). Carl Rogers of the school of humanistic psychology, whose thoughts will be further explored later on in this paper, has much similarity with the romantics since experience is Rogers’ highest authority and makes decisions based on what feels [emphasis mine] right, valuable or worth doing (Hergenhahn, 2009, p. 593). Like romanticism, existentialism stresses subjective experience. The existentialists (18th and 19th centuries) encourage us humans to consider the meaning of living authentically, in one’s own personal way (Oaklander, 1992). If one chooses freely, one chooses authentically and leads an authentic life. Since there are no objective values for the existentialist, it depends more on how one chooses rather than what their choice is. An existential philosopher, Kierkegaard proposed that each person’s life individually has its own self-determined meaning. Subjectivity is truth, that is, the person’s beliefs define that person’s reality (Oaklander, 1992, p. 577). Though the existentialist philosophers differ in their views in a few aspects of their thinking, one common theme is the emphasis on human freedom and choice and the related slogan of Sartre that ‘existence precedes essence’ which means that humans have no prepackaged nature or essence but that we are is what we choose to be (Oaklander, 1992). In other words, subjectivity must be the starting point (Oaklander, 1992). Sartre also says that â€Å"Man is nothing else but what he makes of himself. Such is the first principle of existentialism. It is also what is called subjectivity†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Influenced by existential philosophy, a brand of contemporary psychology which has the key concepts of freedom, individuality, authenticity and responsibility emerged called existential psychology (Hergenhahn, 2009, p. 574). The man who is generally considered to be the bridge between existential philosophy and existential psychology is Martin Heidegger (1889-1976) who is of the view that there is no ‘ultimate truth’ but emphasizes interpretation and that there is no ‘real meaning’ behind a phenomenon (Daitz, 2011). He proposed that humans choose nature of their own existence and it is worthy of notice that Heidegger chose to be committed to Nazism (Hergenhahn, 2009, p. 574). The theme of moving away from a singular truth independent of the knower and towards â€Å"personal truth† as self-defined by individuals as well as the unfortunate consequence of individuals freely choosing what they think is right or desirable which may conflict with what society views as desirable. This will manifest itself again with slight differences in humanistic and postmodern psychology. Humanistic psychology: An application of subjective truth In the early 1960s, humanistic psychology, a new human science that would study humans as aware, choosing and emotional beings, appeared in reaction to traditional scientific approaches to psychology (Hergenhahn, 2009, p. 571). Unlike the two existing schools of psychology, behaviorism and psychoanalysis, which assume determinism in explaining human behavior, humanistic psychology assumes humans are free to choose their own existence and that subjective reality is the most important cause of behavior (Hergenhahn, 2009, p. 571). A basic tenet of humanistic psychology is that subjective reality is the primary guide for human behavior (Hergenhahn, 2009, p. 586). Abraham Maslow (1908-1970) was of the view that humanistic science should allow the individual to be freer and more inner determined (Hergenhahn, 2009, p. 586). What he deemed as self-actualization is what humans achieve when they are true to their own nature (Hergenhahn, 2009, p. 587). Carl Rogers (1902-1987) also proposed that a person who is likely to live a fulfilling life is motivated by his true inner feelings instead of beliefs, traditions and values imposed by others outside the individual (Hergenhahn, 2009, p. 593). Rogers started the movement of Person-Centered therapy which stress an essential trust in the experiential world of the client and stress three conditions to promote the client’s growth: congruence (genuineness on the therapist’ part), true empathy, unconditional positive regard. A limitation that Owen (1999) notes in his analysis of both psychoanalysis and person-centred therapy is the conflict for the person-centred therapist to both communicate unconditional positive regard as well as congruence with a negative feeling about a client. In other words, prizing the client and also at the same time, being honest with personal feelings towards client. This poses a question of what a therapist should rightly do when being honest also means being non-empathic and withholding unconditional positive regard from the client. This problem of congruency undeniably stems from the theory of truth and its subjective nature since what the therapist believes to be true and what the client believes to be true are both equally ‘true’ if the assumption is that the individual self-defines truth. Postmodernism approaches: Contemporary development of the theory of truth Modernists believe in objective reality that exists independent of any attempt to observe it whereas postmodernists believe in subjective realities that do not exist independent of observational processes (Corey, 2005). Postmodernism is similar to the romantics, existentialists, the Sophists, and Skeptics and aspects of James’ psychology in that there multiple truths and these vary with individual experience, thus paving the way for postmodernism. According to Schneider (1998), the postmodernist were different from the romantics in that postmodernists promote a relativistic chaos when this conflicted with the sensibility of Romanticism (Schneider, 1998). The Romantics assumed knowledge as determinate and argued for the universality of autonomous experience while postmodernism assumes it as indeterminate and relativistic, thus fragmenting knowledge and experience (Webb, 2006). Similar to James’ pragmatism, the postmodernist is of the view that a problem exists only when people agree there is a problem needing to be addressed. Narrative therapy is an application of the Postmodernist approach to psychology and encourages clients to see their stories from different perspectives (Corey, 2005). The client’s reality is focused on without disagreeing whether it is accurate or rational (Weishaar, 1993 as cited in Corey, 2005). Unlike traditional therapists who see the client as the problem, the narrative therapists believe that the problem is the problem (Corey, 2005). This separation of client from problem allows one to take a stance against specific storylines, be hopeful in generating a more positive, healing story and thus reducing self-blame. The therapist searches for times when the client made a choice and times when the client was successful (Corey, 2005, p. 403). Very similar to the assumptions of the Cynics and particularly the Romantics, the Postmodernist approach is based on the optimistic assumption that people are able and that they possess alternative stories that can enhance their lives (Corey, 2005, p. 403). The nature of truth and the approach to psychology: Future research direction Within the United States and internationally, Kirschenbaum and Jourdan (2005) carried out a survey that found an increasing number of therapists who identify themselves as â€Å"eclectic† or â€Å"integrative† amongst Carl Rogers’ client-centered/person-centered therapists over the past 30 years. In his writing on the topic of romanticism’s potential in complementing psychology, Schneider (1998) writes that experimental research, whether in hypothesis-making or verification, cannot fully replace romantic insights and needs to refer back to qualitative data that Romantics emphasize (Schneider, 1998). Hence, there are advantages in employing research as well as therapy methodology that take into account aspects of the intuitive and emotional aspect of human beings that romanticism emphasizes. In view of the advantages, Schneider also writes about the implications for therapists in training. He proposes the provision of rich and sensitive qualitative descriptions of their clients in addition to treatment plans that are problem-oriented or behavioral in focus (Schneider, 1998). Therapists in training should also pay attention to emotional, kinesthetic, and cognitive experiences of clients. Besides just assessing progress toward therapy goals, the meaning of therapy goals for clients should also be considered. Schneider is of the view that therapist with the full range of experiential data about their clients would be in an optimal position to collate essential data for a treatment plan. Hence, research should be done to measure the effectiveness of this approach to therapy in addition to (i.e., eclectic approaches) or instead of traditional approaches. In his comparison of person-centred therapy with psychodynamic therapy, Owen (1999) notes the possibility of conflict that person-centred therapists might face in trying to be congruent to their own personal feelings while at the same time, being non-judgmental and providing unconditional positive regard. Further research should be carried out in the area of long-term consequences to the therapist and to the client as well as strategies that can be employed when there is a conflict in the congruence of the therapist and the therapist’ provision of unconditional positive regard. Research may also include investigating the incorporation of one aspect of the psychodynamic approach which is neutrality (neither making interpretations nor providing unconditional positive regard) towards the client’s sharing of his personal experience or thoughts (Owen, 1999). Neutrality allows for a full range of emotions including negative emotions of the client. Conclusion Whether truth is absolute and independent of the knower and perceiver has been supported and argued against since the period of the early Greek philosophers. Similar themes that focus on the human individual to evaluate and make their own choices, define their own meaning and ultimately, define and act upon what is the nature of truth and the truth itself recur time and time again whether in the form of an emphasis on affect like the Romantics or Postmodernist who selects part of a narrative, whether accurate or true, to put it to good use in helping the individual cope during therapy. The implications of the position taken on the nature of truth have been demonstrated throughout history in major schools of philosophy, psychology and in this paper. Future speculation of this theory of truth is that, after certain negative events that will happen in future times as a result of pragmatic and postmodern thinking, a reaction against relativistic and individualized conceptions of truth that may take a shape of fundamentalism may return to schools of philosophy and the social sciences. References Conway, J. B. (1992). Presidential address: A world of differences among psychologists. Canadian Psychology, 33(1), 1-23. Corey, G. (2005). Theory and practice of counseling and psychotherapy (7th ed.). California: Thomson Learning Inc. Daitz, L. (2011). Understanding, truth or resolve? Considering the ‘aim’ of existential psychotherapy and the approaches of van Deurzen and Spinelli. Journal of the Society for Existential Analysis, 22(1), 140-149. De Waal, C. (2005). On Pragmatism. California: Thomson Wadsworth Hergenhahn, B. R. (2009). An introduction to the history of psychology (6th ed.). California: Cengage learning. Kendler, H. H. (2005). Psychology and phenomenology: A clariï ¬ cation. American Psychologist, 60(4), 318–324 Kirschenbaum, H. & Jourdan, A. (2005). The current status of Carl Rogers and the person-centered approach. Educational Publishing Foundation, 42(1), 37–51. doi: 10.1037/0033-3204.42.1.37 Oaklander, L. N. (1992). Existentialist phi losophy: An introduction. New Jersey: Prentice Hall Owen, I. R. (1999). Exploring the similarities and differences between person-centred and psychoanalytic therapies. British Journal of Guidance and Counselling, 27(2), 165-178 doi: 0306-9885/99/020165-14 Robinson, P. (2008). Jean-Jacques Rousseau and history: Moral truth at the expense of facticity. Rethinking History, 12(3), 417–431. doi: 10.108 0/13642520802193 288 Schneider, K. J. (1998). Toward a science of the heart: Romanticism and the revival of psychology. American Psychologist, 53(3), 277-289 Webb, R. K. (2006). From romantic humanist to postmodern pedagogy: How the alien becomes normative in contemporary education. Radical Pedagogy. Retrieved from http://radicalpedagogy.icaap.org/content/issue8_2/webb.html

Organization of relationships Essay

Functionalism Functionalism is perhaps the oldest, and still dominant theoretical perspective in sociology. This paradigm is based upon two related emphases: application of the scientific method to the objective social world, and use of analogy between the individual organism and society. The perspective was developed by Emile Durkheim, and expanded by Talcott Parsons in the 1950s. The perspective assumes: 1) that the application of the scientific method extends to the social world, 2) values provide general guidelines for behavior in terms of roles and norms, 3) institutions are generally composed of interrelated roles and norms, and 4) the society is a functioning organism composed of functioning institutions. Functionalists perceive the social world as objectively real – observable with methods such as surveys and interviews. Rules and regulations assist in the organization of relationships between members of the social body. These institutions of society such as the family, religion, the political system, even the economy are interwoven. They function congruent to social needs and aspirations. They are directed to the attainment of social objectives. Functionalism has the following assumptions: 1) the interrelatedness of institutions, roles, and norms is congruent with social needs; 2) social need is not necessarily physiological in orientation (it can be in the form of status acquisition); 3) gradual change is the main motor of social change (abrupt change is seen as something unnecessary and leading to social dislocation of actors); 4) objectivity is the primary qualification of social research (functionalism, later structural functionalism is highly correlated with the empiricist approach to social research); 5) the social world is generally governed by social actors. Functionalism addresses the following issues: 1) the evolution of roles and norms in a particular social setting, 2) the development of interrelated institutions, 3) the efficacy of long-term change, 4) the cohesive functioning entity, and 5) the importance of role-making and empiricist research. From the five sociological paradigms discussed, conflict theory seemed to be the least useful because: 1) It fails to answer the evolution of roles and norms in the society (it views morality as something created by power politics); 2) While it explains the efficacy of short term (abrupt) change, it fails to fully substantiate the saliency of long-term (gradual) social change; 3) It saw conflict as the only effective means of altering social arrangements, roles, and norms of the society – here, conflict is seen as a positive force of social change (the word ‘positive’ here is morally neutral).

Steven King in class essays

Steven King in class essays There is no doubt that Stephen King is an incredibly popular author of horror stories and novels. People who have not read his novels have probably seen movies based on these novels or may have seen movies that he has written the screenplays for. Because of his popularity, having his stories as an assignment in a literary class will certainly appeal to even the most reluctant reader. Students will read and enjoy his work. Although most education professionals of literature recognize the motivational quality of King's work, many have not considered teaching any of his works in the classrooms. His often strong language, or the grossness of the horror in some of his stories, may have been a barrier in their consideration. Even though his style of writing may not be acceptable to some people, King has acquired his style from extensive reading of works from the great figures of literature. He is very concerned with incorporating the fundamentals of good writing in his works which means hi s stories are not only motivational, but worthy to study in the classroom. Because many students are already familiar with King's work and are intrigued by the genre of horror, the willingness of these students to analyze his stories will heighten their desire to learn more about literature. In order to study the fundamentals of writing, students have to be attracted to the works they are studying. When introduced as the readings in a unit of horror and suspense in literature, King's short stories can be an excellent springboard to the work of classic novelists. Novelists must use what are known as the elements of fiction in order to make sense of a story. These elements are fundamental parts of all storytelling, and they include: plot and structure, character, setting, point of view, style and language, and theme. While these elements may be discussed separately, they are always acting simultaneously in a s...

Parley and Parlay

Parley and Parlay Parley and Parlay Parley and Parlay By Maeve Maddox Suzanne Raymer has suggested a post on parley versus parlay. Both words may be used as either noun or verb. As a noun, parley can mean speech or conversation. Its most common use is to mean speech between opposing sides, a conference with an enemy to discuss terms. As a verb it means to discuss terms, or hold discussion with. Parlay is a betting term. As a noun, it means a cumulative series of bets. The winnings of subsequent bets are bet again. As the bettor continues to win, the gains continue to increase. As a verb, parlay means to use the winnings from a previous bet to make another bet. Parley [prlÄ“] is from French parler, to speak. Parlay [prlÄ ] comes from French parole which comes from Italian parole, words, promises. Parlay entered English in 1701 as a term in the card game faro. The gambling term took on the meaning to exploit to advantage in 1942. Uses of parlay: David Lusterman parlayed a $10000 investment into a company with $1.2 million in revenues Witness Bill Blount parlayed political skills into a mega-dollar business She parlayed a $350 investment into a multi-million dollar business†¦ Uses of parley: Governors seek fresh parley with teachers German politicians plan June parley with Hamas minister For the moment they are parleying with the kings brother-in-law Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:50 Slang Terms for MoneyConnotations of 35 Words for Funny People20 Criminal Terms You Should Know

Hamlet act V Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Hamlet act V - Assignment Example Hamlet’s character was more that of a thinker before than a doer but in this scene, Hamlet was a doer in place of a thinker. He had made up his mind to do what was due on him. He likes to know about Claudius as a king through the views of Hamlet. After his asking, Hamlet reports him about everything he has been thinking long ago such as his father’s murder, his mother’s marriage, his kingship and Claudius’s attempt of killing him. Hamlet tells Horatio that he will participate because he wants to uncover Claudius’s person before the people. He has no fright for death. He knows that he can be trapped because of this fight but still, he is ready to fight because he wants to revenge Claudius. Hamlet’s mother dies because of the poisoned drink prepared for Hamlet. Claudius only forbids the queen once to drink but he does not prevent her because of the threat of his being exposed before the people. Moreover, he also thinks that Gertrude is supportive for her son, so, she can be set aside. The play also has recognition. It occurred when Hamlet organized a play in the play, in which, the actors played as to what occurred in originality to Hamlet’s father. Hamlet has this recognition when he gains knowledge about his father’s murder because of Claudius’s running from the

Operation Management Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Operation Management - Assignment Example The tools include the following; This approach is aimed at eliminating defects through minimising the number of errors that a products or service has. I shall be extensively utilising this tool within my job to perform assessment of the processes involved in my daily work activities in order to detect areas which have weaknesses and make essential corrections for improvement of the outcomes. Observations of the business processes within the various jobs which I undertake will be key to the effective application of this tool in enhancing my performance while working for the various companies and running my own business as well. The application of this tool within the various working stations will enhance my analytical skills as the utilisation of this tool requires analysis of statistics which are related to the business process. Evaluation of the processes will be based on the targets which I shall have set at the beginning of the business processes which will include the desired profits and other financial targets as well. This tool seeks to assess the various processes which are used within the business environment in order to determine the kind of improvements which can be undertaken. This tool will be critical in assessment of the activities which are involved in the different jobs which I will be undertaking. Assessment of the activities will ensure that I understand the job in detail in order to be able to improve my performance on every job that I shall undertake. Within the management positions which I will hold, this tool will be critical to the understanding of the operations in order to enhance the performance of the firms which I shall be working for, I relation to the kind of work I shall be doing. By understanding the job requirements from the process flow chart, I shall be able to manage the operations better as they will be clear to me. This is one of the most effective tools that can be utilised in the business